Functional requirements
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Pre-finishing textile silicone oil
Mainly focuses on penetration and lubrication: helping the fiber to reduce friction and static electricity in the subsequent spinning, weaving and other processing processes, so that the fiber can pass through various processing equipment smoothly, improve production efficiency, and reduce problems such as broken ends and hairiness.
Prepare for subsequent processing: Enhance the clustering of the fiber so that the fiber can be better arranged in the process of combing and drafting, which is conducive to improving the quality and uniformity of the yarn.
Post-finishing textile silicone oil
Emphasis on giving fabrics specific properties: such as softness, smoothness, elasticity, waterproofness, wrinkle resistance, etc., to improve the feel, appearance and wearing performance of the fabric, and meet the requirements of different consumers for fabric quality.
Improve the surface properties of the fabric: by forming a uniform protective film on the surface of the fabric, improve the wear resistance, stain resistance and antistatic properties of the fabric, and enhance the durability and easy care of the fabric.
Chemical structure
Pre-finishing textile silicone oil
Usually non-reactive silicone oil or low-activity silicone oil: with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the main component, the structure is relatively simple, there are fewer active groups on the molecular chain, and it mainly uses the low surface tension and lubricity of the silicone oil itself to play a role.
May contain a small amount of hydrophilic groups: in order to improve the dispersibility of silicone oil in water and the permeability of fibers, some hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyl (-OH) are introduced, but the content is usually low.
Post-finishing textile silicone oil
Mostly modified silicone oil: according to different functional requirements, various functional groups are introduced into the silicone oil molecular chain, such as amino (-NH₂), epoxy (-CH₂CHCH₂O-), carboxyl (-COOH), polyether (-O (C₂H₄O)ₙH), etc., to enhance the bonding between silicone oil and fabric fibers and give fabrics specific properties.
Possessing reactive functional groups: These functional groups can react chemically with hydroxyl, amino and other groups on the surface of fabric fibers to form chemical bonds on the fiber surface, thereby improving the durability of the finishing effect.
Physical properties
Pre-finishing textile silicone oil
Relatively low viscosity: generally between 50-500mPa・s, so that it can quickly penetrate and spread on the fiber surface, and can quickly enter the fiber interior to play a lubricating role.
Low surface tension: usually between 20-30mN/m, which is conducive to the wetting and adsorption of silicone oil on the fiber surface, significantly reducing the friction coefficient between fibers.
Post-finishing textile silicone oil
Wide viscosity range: Depending on different functions and application requirements, the viscosity can range from hundreds to thousands of mPa・s. For example, the viscosity of silicone oil emulsions used for soft finishing may be between 500-2000mPa・s, while the viscosity of silicone oil used for waterproof coatings may be higher to ensure the formation of a uniform and firm protective film on the fabric surface.
It has a certain film-forming property: after drying, it can form a continuous film on the surface of the fabric. The film has good flexibility and elasticity, and can give the fabric a soft and smooth feel.
Application process
Pre-finishing textile silicone oil
Mostly adopts dipping or spraying methods: in the production process of fiber or yarn, the fiber or yarn is immersed in a solution containing pre-finishing silicone oil, or the silicone oil is evenly sprayed on the fiber or yarn through a spray device, and then dried or dried naturally.
The treatment concentration is low: the content of general silicone oil is between 0.5%-2%, which can meet the requirements of lubrication and antistatic in the fiber processing process.
Post-finishing textile silicone oil
It can be applied in various ways such as padding, coating, and spraying: padding is to immerse the fabric in a working solution containing post-finishing silicone oil, and then roll it through a roller to evenly distribute the silicone oil on the surface of the fabric; coating is to use coating equipment to apply silicone oil on the surface of the fabric to form a coating of a certain thickness; spraying is to spray silicone oil on the surface of the fabric in a mist form through a spray gun.
High treatment concentration: According to different functional and finishing effect requirements, the content of silicone oil can be 3%-15% or even higher to ensure that the fabric can obtain sufficient softness, waterproofness and other properties.
